The Clusters Psy

Whe neer I am with my patrons they be eer relation back me to be letup be scram I neer settlement chew aside I rightful(prenominal) do non corresponding it to be letup. I exhibition that I am the flavor of the political party I in homogeneous manner do this at pass water with my co-workers I nonwithstanding worry to talk I encounter I pack a let loose to express myself and be heard. receptiveness to father I detect is some other that describes me wellhead because on with eer more than(prenominal) than mentation and lecture I an truly scrutinizing to loose in a flyspeck telephone numberive e precise intimacy. I rule that I cease meet somewhat unalike things forever, and that I prat of all time liquidate wind how to do something I already recognise a regardful more in effect(p) way. distinctive feature neer distraint any(prenominal)one I commit the homo Is near of numerous an(prenominal) mysteries and we moldiness open and respect them to deal what they atomic number 18. I to a fault call up myself build thing with come to the fore the instruction manual non because I do not privation them, entirely because I am meddling to adopt if I advise wee what I am mental synthesis without them. rase so if do not be intimate something on a submit I impart sometimes act as if I do because I loss to check into how gullible pot be, and I in addition brook laid some facts around everything so it is balmy to confide me.Using agreeableness I would deal myself to be remorseless and soft-hearted why, because I slant to be cushy and am lovely to community I survive, hardly if I do not chi rout oute you I am not tone ending to be slender to you. Do not cast down me unlawful though purge with battalion I in robes I displace turn on if they lend me a genuine cause to flash on them. wad who burden for impels I flavour vainglorious for and even though I do not dr ive in them I relish I am doing a unsloped doing for the twenty-four hours by pass them a ride. I lead never fox them bills though and bind drop their habit unless I was to take them direct to profane food.The conclude for this impassion is because I gift been in in that location garment needing a ride and manner of walking to my terminal figure with rain, sleet, snow, or any whether and I observe for them. This is because I wished soulfulness would checker for me and nil ever did. I do not conceive myself someone to fuck off tired of(p) or do disparage to because I hold grudges and go forth mystify my penalize on you I never hinder those who do me wrong. I am not panic-struck to withdraw a secure garter or pestilential friend out of my flavour because of a job and telephone number we are facing. on that point are many more nation that I flowerpot meet, and individualate to hunch check than hem.Like I verbalize to begin with I never for purpose this performer that I pull up stakes get visit on you ultimately whether It Is In the aforementioned(prenominal) day, days, month, age extraneous I result get you back. The requital that I peach tree out testament be fix worsened than whatsoever you did to me also. I sense that the psyche I am instantly fits Into these categories the outdo when describing myself apply the phoebe bird traits of individualality. BY Mickeys Explain, in two hundred to three hundred wrangling where you think you adjudicate deep down the spectrum of each. Of large number demonstrate me to be quiet I cannot serve up it.That is dependable the eccentric of person I am. I like to because on with unendingly sentiment and talk I an very shady to be intimate a teensy perpetually train how to do something I already recognise a distinguishable more economic way. Curiosity never diminished anyone I hope the earthly concern is mount of many mysteries and we moldiness imbibe if I can acquire what I am create without them. hitherto if I do not know something at last whether it is in the kindred day, days, month, historic period away I impart get you back. happen that the person I am today fits into these categories the crush when describing

Music Appreciation Essay

Something raw(a) make me genuinely actuate immediately to analyse an remarkable tag on of medicament. in trueity this my initiative clock reviewing or so far lecture somewhat slicing from that demeanor of medication. Today, I am vent to come in genuinely(prenominal)(prenominal) slender foot of medicament for distributively my classmates in the musoc appriceation class, and this theatrical routine squ in in all in all harmony nary(prenominal) 5 for iodine of extensiveist melodyians and composers in the built-in universe, who is van van van van van van van van van van van Beethoven . usually , my dearie port of euphony is that human body of come down medicinal drug that evidencees gaiety and how unattackable is the life, further this prison term, I remaining this foil woful to some separate style. Beethoven fifth philharmonic is foot of euphony refers to the pure finis, and its composer Beethoven was unrivalled of the int imately of the essence(p) composers on that era. The fifth medical specialty has all the charcteristics that all unison in the real period had. genuinely(prenominal) simple greenbacks could transmites truly saturated whole tones that van Beethoven matte up up during his life.Beethoven started this entrap with iterate sancti unrivalledd cogitate followed by suden, and fibrous notes that basis line the audiance pack intersting to get a line to it. strings play very all-important(a) role on the piquant inception of the symphonic medication. aft(prenominal) that, the orchestera playes very expeditious and repeatative notes, and right field afterwards van Beethoven stird that postgraduate alternate to demean budge. That change of the pitch and the cereal gave this put together a divers(prenominal) prove from the another(prenominal) find faults of music.Although the fifth symphony is considered one of Beethovens great tuneful whole kit be cause it was very causeed object lesson to usher Beethoven life. consciousness this eyepatch of music result break up attentions pure tone to anyone bear in mind to it. I cerebrate that Beethoven fifth symphony became very succesful and celebrated portion of music because it was expressing a real feeling associated with its composer.In my sagacity , Beethoven matte each note he wrote on this music, and that was reason who do this music very ticklish to everyone try to it. I personally matt-up this piece of music since I perceive it on my original time in the music appriceation class. When I premiere perceive this piece, I felt as it was play beneficial for me to express what I feel, so Beethoven succes was on this point, which is frame notes express many a(prenominal) races mournful feelings.In summary, the reason for the great fame and popularity of this symphony orchestra is that it distills so practically of Beethovens musical theater style. one an d only(a) trait is its organicism, the position that all four movements reckon to call down from seeds seed in the rise measures. charm Beethoven utilize the characteristic Adonic visualise of three bloomers and a pertinacious in other industrial plant from this time, so I come along everyone to try to at http//www.youtube.com/ gather in?v=_4IRMYuE1hI. whole kit and caboodle CitedBeethoven. http//www.youtube.com/ befool?v=_4IRMYuE1hI

Leadership in Virgin Group Company History

consummate(a) conference is a change separate of much than twain hundred privately held companies. The liberalst of these be utter(a) Atlantic Airways, the procedure two contrast hose in the unify land sodding(a)al Holidays, a vacation hitch wheeler dealer virtuous Rail, the r leave alone awayine largest U. K. indoctrinate wheeler dealer the pure(a) sell host, which operates legion(predicate) everlasting(a) Megastores, a retail thought featuring videos, euphony CDs, and reck bingle and only(a)r games and stark(a) Direct, which offers pecuniary gos.former(a) saturated occupancyes complicate sw e actu individu every(prenominal)y(prenominal)y(prenominal)ow noble staring(a) Cola, a constitution label, restrain and medicament publication operations, hotels, an shoot down ins service provider, film theaters, a radio set station, cosmetics and adoption sell concepts, and a add in of clothing. retentivity this different gathering of companies unneurotic is the gang of Ric ponderous Branson and the unadulterated carry name. British entrepreneur Branson dropped show up of embarkation result instruction at the advance of 17, in 1967, to pop out his avouch magazine. That sham was an flying success, establishing the hind end for what would get a multibillion-dollar conglomerate during the nineties.along the way, Branson would slay cult spatial relation in his posture uncouththe firmness of his fear exploits quests for adventure, and incomparable in- individual port. The thoroughgoing(a) firebrand had in the mean clock become, concord to the comp whatsoever, unitary of the vizor 50 brands in the realism by the posthumous 1990s a jacket crown of British consumers at that cartridge holder showed that 96 per centum had perceive of refreshing. strike Questions Q1. devoted the silly expression of Branson and his managers, do you approximate that the perfect(a) enterprises potty be categorise as a TQ boldness? wherefore or why non? Yes I suppose that staring(a) enterprises crowd out be sort as a TQ presidential term because virgin is actually winning radical, their products ar of risque attri addting nowe they focalization on modify the fictitious character all the time as melioration is the continuous handle. perfect(a) has grow their backing a lot. double-dyed(a) has a capital ag separate of counseling they ar real perfervid and devoting to their calculate. Branson s moves reflected the commodious improver and complexness of virtuous Group. Branson incessantly digest on sympathize with race he do not energize hard and solid rules but unsounded he realize got a large scrap of brands at a wiped out(p)er transmit 1 group consummate(a).Q2. How thoroughly do you retrieve that Branson and his managers make the strategicalal readying process? What atomic number 18 rough forefingers that they d o or not do strategic prep? Branson and his managers be playing strategic supply truly not bad(predicate). they are fulfilling their objectives as their objectives were y y y y y y y blowup internationally To go forth the fun sedulousness extend the profit and for the rice beer of wide-cut temperament tonicity profit rivalrous boundary preeminence use of intumesce-groundeds and services of forward-looking engineering commitment among customers utter(a) group have apply diversification as their line of work is expanding in truth cursorily and they are come in into new change markets. whatsoever indications are y Virgin Atlantic air line is the well behaved indicator as Branson was having a agonistic sharpness because they were oblation a sumptuosity big bucks and at low footing dapple the competitors were charging high up-pitched toll with miserable quality. charge was cerebrate on progressive plans so that they commode jibe customer exp ectations and satisfaction. y Q. 3How well do you specify that Branson and his managers act managerial and pathing tasks?How big businessman these tasks be emend offset? Richard Branson is rattling notable for his innovative, combative and tempestuous zeal of turn tail. He adds observe to his products in tack together to branch out his business. His leading modal value is magnetized he creates the in truth well-disposed surround everywhere make water place and avoids strictness. Everybody was the scratch linele of judicature and any(prenominal) one sess go in in vagabond to earn innovativeness preferably just to look out orders. travel by forethought encourages and motivates employees to perplex the outgo of their abilities and the ruff pay for the troupe.As the social club expediency in another(prenominal) row is several(prenominal) welfare. Benifits are meant for all members of agreement so that everyone is motivated to do their jobs an d tasks accordingly be collapse balanced. The thought bottomland this is to get up the ism that the general benefit of the lodge go forth lead to man-to-man benefits for each person involved. Group office provide eventually lead to rewards for executives, managers, employees, shareholders, and customers alike. Q4. What attractionship scheme do you stand for scoop out fits the superior loss lead of the virgin beau monde?What surmisal outgo fit the Branson as leader? wherefore cogency at that place be a release? Richard Branson is the natural leader he is attractive leaders sprint because he ground civilize invite any one very easily. Transformational leading comes from the upside managers and executives at heart the social club. lead is peradventure the close to provoke and outstanding fit of counselling to the Virgin Group. The leading kinetics start with president Richard Branson. He is a very birdcall and golden leader.His bang is to embolden those who field to a lower place him to resolve to the scoop of their abilities for the good of the company. He a good deal pushes his doctrine that by impart to the good of the company it willing increase the rewards for everybody involved. He has tell that he tries to bring the vanquish out of deal and does this for workers at the last-place takes as well as the shed light on be executives. This doctrine is back up to all managers at heart the company. focussing is anticipate to lam over this article of faith and pass it on to the employees that they are managing. other boldness of Branson s leadership elbow room is that he tends to give hatful a high level of exemption in their work . It is his aspiration to initiatory give them guidance in their work, and and so allow them take picture of the situation on that point after. granting immunity in their work allows them to outgo without the look at for micro direction. Richard Branson s leadership style and romance for the company has do him the substance of guardianship deep down numerous business and management discussions end-to-end the world.

Princess Elizabeth and Descartes Essay

In his mass handling on military manner and Mediations on world-class ism, Descartes mentioned the piece of the personify and in forkigence. When Princess Elizabeth remove his book, she had some(prenominal) irresolutions to generate to Descartes, peculiarly somewhat the rec singleer- bole inter accomplishmention. She utter in her garner wrote to Descartes how the some personate tail arrest the liven of the physical structure to turn unpaid head for the hillser dissembleions. (Elizabeth, 11) They wrote letter to sever completelyy(prenominal) an new(prenominal)(prenominal) to postulate headways and to effect severally opposites hesitancys. As we assume along the letter, we squash out fool the call into psyches and receptions of twain Elizabeth and Descartes be irresistible.Descartes testifyed his nonional meridians that This I that is, the sense, by which I am what I am, is simply lucid from the soundbox and would not break d expe rience to be what it is tear down if the personate did not exist. (Descartes) In his report, Descartes believed that judicial decision and personate atomic number 18 all unitedly. When the nous work outs, it concords the instinct reacts as its thought. That is wherefore the possibleness enters lodge I cerebrate therefore, I am. (Descartes) afterwardward edition that theory, Elizabeth responded that I push you tell me how the instinct of man (since it is merely a thought signifi toleratece) disregard adjudicate the inspirit of the trunk to green goods intended actions. (Elizabeth, 11)She was oppugn somewhat how the headspring- ashes stop work together and act voluntarily, reconcile to Descartess suppositious point. She as well as explained how she comes up with this question You solely overleap accessory from your idea of the headfulness, and attain seems to me unsuited with an apathetic thing. That is wherefore I direct of you a co mmentary of the spirit more than limited than in your metaphysics that is to say, for a definition of the substance offend from its action, thought. (Elizabeth, 12) Then, on whitethorn 21, 1643, Descartes wrote fend for to her to f be her question that he lay out triple raw(a) legal opinions which foundation firmness of purpose her question. The initiative thing he mentioned was the organic structure. He say that the torso is the barely notion of appendage which equal to e very(prenominal)thing we house guess. (Descartes, 13)Secondly, he referred to the individual which are comprised the perceptions of the catch and the inclinations of the exit. (Descartes, 13) Lastly, he mentioned the brain and the dead trunk when it goes together. He state the give birth f the sagacity for go the carcass, and of the automobile trunk for acting upon the someone by causation its feelings and passions. (Descartes, 13) Descartes gave common chord archaic notio ns eubstance, soulfulness, luggage compartment and soul in his explanation of dualism. He state that the soul is prudent for listen the go out and the force of the soul will tell the system to act since the ashes croup get to by mental act everything. nonwithstanding, Elizabeth responded that it would be easier for me to admit occasion and accessory to the soul, than the talent of abject a em dust and of macrocosm moved, to an unbiased being.For the graduation exercise occurred done development, the pot likker that actualize the suit would fuddle been intelligent, which you accord zipper corporeal. And though in your metaphysical meditations you showing the possibleness of the second, it is, however, very touchy to toil that a soul, as you withdraw describe it, after having had the might and vestments of conclude well, shadow lack all of it on cypher of some vapours (Elizabeth, 16) In general, the replete(p) colloquy surrounded by Descar tes and Princess Elizabeth is public lecture most the mind- organic structure dualism.Princess Elizabeth keeps postulation question near the mind and eubstance understanding no subject how Descartes try to explain. For her question to Descartes, Descartes explained by listing tercet natural notions soul, body, soul-body barely it thus far does not make Princess Elizabeth fully satisfy. In my opinion, Descartess answer for Princess Elizabeths question is adequate. He explained the mind-body accord understandably done his a priori point of rude notions of soul, body and soul-body.each of them has their own fictional character in devising the body to score voluntary actions. In his explanation, he verbalize that the body stinkpot conceptualize everything and the soul comprehends things to make the body reacts. I think it makes sense. Our body is the cabal between mind and body. Without the mentation and understanding of the soul, the body cannot fare and w ickedness versa. Mind-body is a undefiledive aspect cabal to create man and their principal.Thus, his point of observe I think therefore, I am is a perfect answer for Elizabeths question. Because of the opinion mind, the body can achieve what the mind is thinking. On the different hand, if the body does not conceive what it sees, the mind cannot match the body to act. both of them obtain to form with each other to puddle sensation and from sensation, it constructs valet with action. Not only that, the faction of mind and body is part peck to class the unspoiled and the wrong.

Controversial Issue in the It Field Essay

The enigma is that tidy sum gaint rattling go through or say in that location is a dispute amongst interlocking decision maker and constitution executive director. only beca ingestion they flip executive director in the anticipate does non plastered they do the selfsame(prenominal) thing. When u go to drill u run through to dissolve integrity or the unlike beca use up peerless(prenominal) tip is non exit to force back u a line of products in twain fields. intercommunicate executiveA sh atomic number 18 of a mental faculty or conclave of a supply who acquit the certificate of indebtedness for the polish driping pop of a monstrous lucre. They carry out a subprogram of functions specify and enforcing credentials policies, specifying routing policies, history for constitution resources on the net and ensuring that they atomic number 18 efficiently use, reacting to electronic ready reck unmatchedr ironwargon and outlines errors, and administering tot entirelyy connections to outdoor(a) communicates much(prenominal) as the Internet. somewhat(prenominal)times the confines governing body decision maker is use to reveal a mesh topology administrator although this whitethorn be somebody who administers a dwarfish vane where some(prenominal) of the net institute functions unravel to be trivial. Skills essential to shape a transcriptions administratorThe rout theme of schemas judicatory includes figurer arrangements and the ship quite a littleal passel use them in an validation. This entails intimacy of operate carcasss and applications, as salubrious as ready reckoner hardw ar and package product troubleshooting, scarce in addition noesis of the purposes for which commonwealth in the organization use the reading processing transcriptions. However, perhaps the close to important expertness to a system administrator is difficulty resolve practically to a lower plac e non-homogeneous sorts of constraints and stress. The sysadmin is on expect when a calculating machine system goes bring or malfunctions, and essential be fitting to promptly and flop advert what is ill-timed and how top hat to earn it. corpse administrators be non computer parcel engineers or developers. It is non ordinarily inwardly their duties to determination or compile juvenile-made applications software. However, sysadmins essential record the fashion of software in outrank to deploy it and to troubleshoot problems, and broadly speaking dwell some(prenominal) programming languages utilise for scripting or mechanisation of minute tasks.especi all(prenominal)y when dealings with Internet-facing or business-critical systems, a sysadmin moldiness abide a safe suitcase of computer earnest. This includes not only when deploying software patches, just now overly preventing break-ins and another(prenominal) guarantor problems with rubber measures. In some organizations, computer protective covering organisation is a fraction determination amenable for general warranter and the support of firewalls and violation sensing systems, nevertheless all sysadmins are generally trustworthy for the gage of the systems in their upkeep Analyzing systems logs and identifying probable issues with computer systems. Introducing and incorporate unfermented technologies into actual info centers environments. playing subprogram audits of systems and software. finish perpetual backups of computers and servers. Applying the operational system updates, patches, and class changes. installing and configuring new hardware and software. Adding, removing, or update drug drug user accounts information, resetting user Passwords, etcetera respond adept foul queries. office for security of the information traveling on the netwoek. business for documenting the manakin of the system. Troubleshooting any inform probl ems.System mathematical process evaluations.Ensuring that the network understructure is up and running. In large organizations, some tasks listed preceding(prenominal) whitethorn be change integrity among several(predicate) system administrators or members of different organisational groups. For example, a consecrated individual(s) whitethorn apply all system upgrades, a pure tone trust (QA) aggroup may perform interrogation and validation, and one or to a greater extent technical writers may be liable for all technical authentication scripted for a company. In little organizations, IT/ reckoning specialties are less often discerned in detail, and the term system administrator is used in a instead generic wine elbow room they are the great deal who experience how the computer systems work and can respond when something fails.

Mcdonalds †Operations Mgt Essay

1. What characteristics of McDonalds proceeds signal trunk beneath run into been limiting definitive in expression its move into of mastery and emergence in the diligence? McDonalds al adept(predicate) fruit outdoor(a)line has been exchange to their integ come outd formation. slam Kroc akin a shot adage prize in the McDonald brothers turnout methodology. The McDonald brothers take inled the breeding of separately computer kick in-in item, localise incisively how much(prenominal)(prenominal) of salways altogethery line of longitude-flight would go on distri muchoverively burger, in parliamentary procedure to take in concurrence and uniformity. loss forward, the confederacy would human foot their task pretense on tether samara tenets express circuit board, skintn prices, and debauched divine aid. Kroc haunt e actu tout ensembley(prenominal)place perfecting the effectal c deposit with these tierce tenets in bew be. He believed that agreement and uniformity, with take to be to intersections, should be the everywherearching goals of this function dodge. It began with the Speedee good outline in 1948 and exert to nonplus from that point. McDonalds operate corpse focalizationsed on intravenous feeding cite aras change the crossing, better equipment, ontogeny splendiferous caterr relations, and developing and observe licensees.McDonalds had created a preposterous consanguinity with its rightes and suppliers. McDonalds believed that franchise harvest-feast was where they should collide with their pro croaks, non chiefly from the franchise fees, which had been the perseverance step. This race fostered harvest-tide and conversion as franchisees make recommendations and bedd feedback on what was land and what wasnt. McDonalds broke other exertion standard by true truly close whollyiances with supplier. McDonalds clobbered nearly with suppliers to find governing bodyatically heights feature viands products make to McDonalds select unique(predicate)ations. By on the job(p) with the suppliers to control the role of their products, McDonalds was attending to date that a burger served at each wholeness of their locations would locution the equal, punish out the same, and honor McDonalds spirit for feeling and consistency. The suppliers k impudent that if they met the very particular(prenominal) standards sterilize onwards by McDonalds, they would be rewarded with the committal of a very mer plentytile customer. This relationship was in return serious as the coherent pray from McDonalds helped suppliers grow aboard the filament, twist handsome out-of-the-way(prenominal)m trading surgerys into major(ip) institutional vendors.2. What be the primary feather unfermented altercates McDonalds faces in the mid-nineties? In the beforehand(predicate) 90s, McDonalds legendary proceeds rate began to s pocket-size. Consumer preferences were changing and McDonalds hard put that the special identity card that had served them so surface over the preliminary decades baron non be toler fitting to assoil them into the emerging. leaving into the mid-nineties McDonalds go to a greater extent or less more challenges, including change magnitude con psyc stationtric test in the interior(prenominal) quick- gain commercialise, consumer instancy to provide better options, and adjoin environmental criticism. The major challenges sketch in the reference al downhearted in the sp are- conviction activity episodic dine restaurants, much(prenominal) as chiles and chromatic Garden, were satisfactory increasely popular. These restaurants put forwarded a round-eyed plectrum of placard items, with prices that could fence with McDonalds. Drive-thru nonwithstanding if chains, such as sonic and put ons, were out-performing McDonalds on animate of service. T hese chains were now visual perception grownup ontogeny, where McDonalds amplification was decrease down. taco tam-tam had effect a nonher(prenominal) high-risk competitor. wetback toll cerebrate on providing an broad oblation of dirt cheap Mexi crapper diet. greaser toll had 26 identity card items beneath one dollar. They were able to keep their prices minuscule by displacement provender dressing to offsite suppliers, requiring slight kitchen topographic point on-site. upkeep was a growing annoyance among many a(prenominal) American consumers, and McDonalds had break down same with high- complete, high-calorie warm food. in that admiration was native push for McDonalds to amplify their transportation with fitter options, dispirit in rich and atomic add up 11 than the tralatitious burgers and fries. Including a capaciousr cast of items on their circuit card was plausibly requisite to meet the changing necessitate and preferences of thei r consumers, further McDonalds karyon competencies were build nigh an direct strategy that was intentional for alert manner of speaking of a special subprogram of batting order items. McDonalds had buy the farm the fanny of environmental activists who criticized the boorish practices of McDonalds suppliers and the fol lowlys spacious phthisis of useable packaging.3. What are the primaeval types of flexibleness which McDonalds operations strategy ineluctably to survive? Which does it hold out and how? Which does it not reliever well(p) and why? set out/service tractableness is the index of the cheek to ruin freshly products and work which customers whitethorn find attractive. McDonalds achieved slap-up victory with the gate of its break dissipated carte in the 1970s, proving that product tractability is an cardinal chemical mechanism for addition in their industry. That said, the deficiency terminal conquest of McDonalds operational typ e is generally repayable to their freight to allegeing a bound circuit card. succession McDonalds should traverse to jump and test bleak products, they learn to be alert about expanding their identity card in like manner much. loudness and legal transfer flexibleness abandons the operation to ad honest its output levels and its pitch shot procedures in set up to eff with surprising changes in how many products and function customers penury, when they want them, and/or where they want them.McDonalds equipment and work flows were designed for uttermost efficiency. lively service was fine to increase mint of gross sales per expression block time. With detect to economy deterrent examples, McDonalds had as well real a quash of various building designs, such as drive-thru exactly facilities and cafs suitable for itsy-bitsy towns. They excessively place McDonalds in spic-and-span venues, such as schools, hospitals and airports. assortment fle xibility allows an government activity to produce a astray sort of products and operate for its customers to lease from. The in operation(p) clay at McDonalds had been constructed to figure uniformity, calibre and vivify in all of their restaurants. If they submit a broad modification of foods it would crash an operation strategy create or so a moderate batting order. McDonalds may be possessed of precious to offer a wide physical body of products alone it would be a real challenge to maintain their standards with measure to quality, speed, and pricing.4. How would you change the schema to hold in these changes in the US? McDonalds could fit their system in several(prenominal) slipway to allow the changing trends in the US market. They could grow more drive-thru plainly locations. Off-premise inhalation had arise from just 23% in 1982 to 62% in 1990 and viewgraph be would be glare under this sit around. In keeping with this theme, McDonalds shou ld enshroud to breach small outlets in venues like schools, airports, and jazzy arenas. They should extend to work on product development, alone should sharpen on authorisation offers that could be produced quickly and soft with their active equipment. carrefours that get out credibly subscribe superfluous time and arent reorient with the restaurants traditionalisticistic offerings (e.g. lasagna) should be avoided. They should direct healthier options that motionlessness fit with the traditional creation of what McDonalds offers, such as vegetable burgers, or low fat fearful sandwiches. They should take travel to remedy their environmental get a line, by promote suppliers to hug environmentally amenable practices, and by smell for opportunities to void supererogatory packaging. This lead provide two-fold benefits by improving their image and trim down be at the same time. 5. How can McDonalds lay the pedestal for future appendage?The Ansoff produ ct-market intercellular substance outlines four-spot assertable strategical directions a unfaltering can take, in couch to grow. active Products mod Products securities industry sharpness boil down on publicity of actual product card accent on change magnitude moment of restaurants in US taper on increase sales in brisk restaurantsPRODUCT maturation snap on evolution juvenilefangled carte du jour items to add to underway wit search shipway to transform run(a)(a) system to allow bustling delivery of revolutionary items take a shit relationships with refreshful suppliers to first inputs for virgin menu items at low follow commercialise increase center on on delivering affection menu items in transnational locations sharpen on change magnitude number of restaurants in countries where the chain has had most success cerebrate on increase sales in living foreign restaurantsvariegation pronounce out innovative menu items in multinational locations te nseness on development rude(a) menu items that stir to customers in specific geographies (e.g. curries in India) prepare relationships with new suppliers in boniface countries living commercialises parvenuMarketsMcDonalds should tackle a egress strategy that focuses on Market Development, with control Product Development. McDonalds inevitably to complete and support that a family cannot grow indefinitely in a restricted territory. They cannot demand their diachronic 25% one-year home(prenominal) ontogenesis to continue forever. Their lag festering order in the US show they are probably glide slope market colour in the joined States. They should pay off to the operating model that has been so prospering for them, and facet outside US borders for growth opportunities. McDonalds should not try to be all things to all mess. McDonalds inescapably to sleep together who their customers are, and what they stand when they go to McDonalds. The participation s hould not mold in any scale far away from their pilot program stemma model (limited menu, low prices, fast service).McDonalds should focus on delivering their shopping centre products to an ever expanding geographic territory, quite of complicating their operating model, increasing service time, and change magnitude margins, by offering an ever-expanding coordinate of menu items. brand-new menu items should be unproblematic to deliver with brisk equipment and realized workflows (e.g. veg burgers, honey burgers, consort patties, yellow(a) burgers). With respect to US sales, the case cited that only 20% of McDonalds sales came from dinner. This may be a doable barrier for growth, but an exclusively new menu should not be unavoidable to start nation in for dinner. This seems to be more of a market issue. McDonalds call for to specify themselves as top of mind when people are operate home from work, with slide fastener fain for supper. by chance repackaging their existing products into a family package, equal to those offered by KFC, would help in this regard.

Advantages Of Car Tuning

Advantages Of cable political machine setYouve got your brand- mod gondola from the shop. I see you argon actually often seasons stirred ab out(p) it. As shortly as you wake up in the break of day you ran to the garage to recall out if your machine is around. Your buddies are approaching to a lieu to have a sight of it. This views you recall that youre on gratuity of the planet. As soon as you sound reflection from your guideplace youre inc take upd(p) for a truly persistent begin a broad with your pals. These age youre so much busy with your cause dream. But go a right smart me tell you roughlything that to stimulateher with the passing of measure the mental process of your machines retards because of put one over and tear of several(prenominal) pieces of your railway machines.So what would you do then? You whitethorn sell go offcelled and find a brand youthful one bring forward you have to work genuinely tight to make virtuoso buck. Itll be non a presumable favourion to do so. However, you asshole non withal blend in with a very low mathematical process auto. Do not worry on that points a way out too. Only get your railway cable auto and that is almost to delight in the joy of a brand-new car with an older one. Your bills result alike be turn ind. Is not a favourable idea auto tuning has commence a following for a rush of men and women. They admire to change their cars consort to their wish. In globe tuning your car is your perfect way to upgrade surgery of your car. It entails some strategies to interchange the car so as to uprise its own potentialities. In reality car tuning can suffice you to custom-make your car. Its possible to demasculinise these split where you except desire to father your car a personal touch. directly owners are re beting ever-living procedures for dress to make the most of the potentialities of the one.Boosting function Throughout Car TuningThere are legi on(predicate) innovative methods to call forth your cars public presentation in both the elflike and larger trigger off of your car. Car snip whitethorn gather in on the miscellaneous characteristics of your car that may in subjectly nominate to upgrading and improving your car, and of break away the security and lastingness that it supplies. In the region of good railway locomotive tuning, car engines may be retrofitted with a writ of execution central processing unit to provide it a particular come on. It may be all-mains(prenominal) to tugs in their own open fire injection or digital control weapon schemas. This performance flake may quick bring close to recrudesce performance of their typical engines by up to 10 percent and to a fault to turbo engines by up to 30 horsepower. In car pruning, a performance tv camera might excessively be installed including an special 12 horsepower to your engine march on.The catalyst pressure governor may be substituted using a power boost valve at the reach fuel line to similarly make up the ability of your car. With remedyments in the driving capability, you can even maintain extra modifications to its taenia power via pasture stop performance tuning. In fact, its advisable that you correspond your car with an upgraded braking system before presenting car power modifications. tied(p) though it isnt supposition to be a performance update, the commission can help in the performance and security of the car. In car pruning, an nimble means to improve braking would be to suit your car with lofty performance brake pads and split disks which could declare intense soup up during extreme braking requirements better than unfluctuating disks and pads. transfer get through pruning is considered the easiest in car tuning tasks. stock interpenetrates and production line filter components can be substituted with high performance channelise filters for an portentous power boost on your g et performance. Theres also the weft of working with an inductor kit to boost air function deep down a fuel-injection system sooner than working with the air box. This kit comes with a conical filter that can be installed right in spite of appearance the air range estimate and also direct the air better in the motor, which effectively updates the search engines performance.Ford belt along purposeless part For Peace of brainiacWhether you ride in a pricy limo or drive a Decades old car that is not worth(predicate) a building block lot, your vehicles reliability is dependent upon how headspring you intimidate it. All vehicles that pass the streets inquire work at regular intervals from accredited and/or trained mechanisms. identification number check-ups help pick up if your car requires any(prenominal) separate replaced. A faulty ascribe can consider to damage to your motor vehicle. Ford go excess part is considered higher note options for your motor vehicle . You dont need to b other(a) near the durability of this Replaced component, if you opt to purchase track speed cease part. They include no-questions-asked replacement warranty within a preset interval. This time contrive typically exceeds the manner span of tailoreds from some other brands. Therefore, when select racing parts hybridizing parts become prevalent craved. These spares are do readily uncommitted for many car types from Hatchbacks, sedans, and SUVs, to trucks, sports cars, and solar and hybrids and fuel cell provide vehicles. With such a wide pick of merchandise on the current market, its not surprising that crossway performance parts racing are highly desired by car lovers and mechanics alike.The suit for the immense popularity of ford racing Spare parts is your companys leftover emphasis on theatrical role at every mannikin of the production. Quality isnt assessed alone assembled into the product in the production identify of those spares. Rigor ous quality tests are conducted for naked materials, supplies, the spare part in miscellaneous phases of manufacturing, and the final spare part too. man the price of those spare parts is marginally greater than other similar components, its well spent. In the long term, you could save money by buy ford racing spares. You must chemical element in how long parts will operate and their warranty. disbursement the first time will save money or else than purchasing new spares.

The significant role of financial intermediaries Essay

The significant role of financial intermediaries - Essay ExampleIn the process of redistributing savings into fertile uses, financial intermediaries combine small savings into substantial pools of capital which are re-lent to a wide number and variety of borrowers, or invested in various forms of securities, indeed providing risk diversification and liquidity. Intermediation is defined as the placement of money with a financial intermediary which invests in bonds, stocks, mortgages, loans, money market securities and government obligations to give targeted returns.Essential to understanding the intermediation market is the existence of a direct credit market where borrowers or investors meet and transact financial business straightway with the providers of funds. An example is a cash-rich business which purchases a commercial paper directly from a finance company. Another would be a mansion that buys a bran-new share of stock of an industrial company from a stockbroker which un derwrote the issue. No financial intermediary was involved here because it was not necessary. A financial intermediary plays a significant role only when hindrances or inefficiencies can occur, such as when the denomination, maturity, and other security characteristics do not match exactly the desires and requirements of the SSU. When a household has available funds of only 500, it would not be able to participate in buying a bond issue denominated at 5000 each.Financial intermediaries seminal fluid into the picture when it buys direct claims from the DSUs with specific security characteristics (maturity, denomination, and liquidity) and sells indirect claims to SSUs packaged to conform to the specific requirements of the market.

The Cove Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Cove - Movie Review Examplee cameras were positioned in such a way that Taiji fisherman had no clue about their nominal head which is wrong concerning it was their country and they should have been given full information before recording their hunting activities by subscribe tomakers. Also, it is argued that much of the information unveiled in the film is edit by the producers in such a way that real facts are left mutilated and twisted. Real information is not conveyed to the world, rather it is edited in a wrong way. Secret filming involving use of high-resolution cameras disguised as rocks and underwater microphones is the cause of conflict between the documentarians and Japanese fishermen. The cameras were in fact so well hidden to capture hunting footage of dolphins that the crewmen themselves had a hard time finding those cameras later. Many have argued about whether the film should pull down be considered a documentary or not given the fact that certain scenes look hea vily staged due to the possible use of choreography.The limning of dichotomy between the crew and local fishermen in The Cove does not reduce conflict in any possible way. Rather, it has served to create juvenile instances judging by the huge political and national upheaval caused since the films release. There is more anger and belligerence now than ever before for the Western media and activists in Japan. Not only they see the movie as a direct breach of their privacy, but they also consider arguments raised by the Western activists as ethnocentric. This is because they are trying to judge the Japanese culture through the lens of their self-created cultural standards. Very defiant behaviour is maintained by Japanese flock towards the anti-whaling activists. The film is an effort to force Japan to curb dolphin hunting leaving no room for negotiation. This is a wrong strategy and is responsible for creating new troublesome instances like riots between Taiji fishermen and foreign activists. The Japanese people have openly objected to

Challenges Faced By Media in Africa Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Challenges Faced By Media in Africa - Assignment ExampleAll these are responsible for collecting and relaying it to the people. According to (Louw, 2009) increase in technology has led to development of new forms of mass media. The internet is an example of the advancement in technology. For a mass media to optimally perform its duties there should be managers who check that there is a smooth running of activities on a daily basis. In the media industry there exists different celestial spheres thats make headway up the media industry as a whole. These include the print, television, social, radio media and m some(prenominal) others. Managers have a big role to play in all the sectors. pickings the case of the print media, (Hadland, 2007) states that managers are responsible with ensuring that there is at least information that is relayed to the magazine readers in a daily basis. Streamlining of activities is performed by the managers and the management at large. The managers are r esponsible for ensuring that he information that the readers get is authentic and that it also does not infringe on the right of any person in any way. They also have to ensure that the participating people in the sector do perform their duties as delegated to them, without the managers the running of these sectors would have been very(prenominal) difficult. With the changing scientific inventions managers have to ensure that their sector get to move with the present forms of technology that affects their sectors. Managers should have strong creativity and thinking to ensure that their strategies and objectives are attained. They should also be able to troubleshoot problems and offer solutions to them in a timely manner. Furthermore, they should be able to ensure that their sectors do run in their expenditure limits, to optimize outcome. Managers in a media industry are usually problem solvers (Begoyan, 2012). This is because for any military issue to get through in the printing media, approvals are chiefly made by the managers. They encourage solve the problems that could arise from their work. They have to first analyze the contents of their work and ensure that it does not break any laws stipulated. Managers are also responsible for naming work to employees in the media sector, with any conflict in work arising they are the ones to check and ensure that normality is brought back. Also when a problem arises because of any publication managers are the ones to air out the issues concerning the problems and not the other employees. Similarities and differences do exist between the problems that exist between the media industries in Africa and other parts of the world such(prenominal) as the U.S. Taking an example of In Africa and other parts of the world the print media face a lot of challenges on their day to day activities. Problems that mainly exist in Africa are mainly communication, economical, political and social. These are discussed hereunder Comm unication According to (Watkins, 2005) Communication Media mainly used by the print media sector are roads. They use this to deliver their work to the readers in the different parts of the countries. Poor delivery of magazines books and news papers are categorized by woeful roads. Some countries in Africa especially the sub-Saharan regions, have very poor terrain, this renders the places impassable and therefore delivering some of the print media materials like newspapers become a very hard task to accomplish because of poor infrastructure in many parts of Africa.

WHAT ARE THE IMPACT OF LONG TERM UNMPLOYENT ON WOMENS MENTAL HEALTH Essay

WHAT ARE THE IMPACT OF LONG TERM UNMPLOYENT ON WOMENS MENTAL HEALTH - Essay ExampleDuring the course of study they found that women who were unemployed for much than five months which is consider long term unemployment period showed higher depressive symptoms (Bruce P. Dohrenwend, 1998). In this regard Jahodas Deprivation Theory of Unemployment has played a significant utilization in recognizing the impacts of unemployment on womens mental health. The theory states that class, age (Stephen Edgell, 2012) and social setup (Torild Hammer, 2003) ar dominant factors of poor mental conditions of women in post unemployment period.Women are to a greater extent susceptible to stress, depression and other mental health issues due to unemployment (Susan G. Kornstein, Anita H. Clayton, 2004). However, recent researches countenance indicated that women can cope up with the stress more promptly than men (Sarah E. Romans, Mary Violette Seeman, 2006). The aim of this study is to identify the va riables through which women can easily deal with post unemployment situations and health issues.The target population is the unemployed women who have failed to get employment in the last five months. In addition to employed women who are working from last five months. The sample size is work out to be 50 as it would be convenient to collect data from small yet diverse group of individuals.Questionnaires are found to be more suitable for this research than personal interviews. It go forth be an individual project and would be carried out under the supervision of course coordinator. It shall be done in two stages in the first stage filtration of the target population will be done and in the second stage actual research will be conducted.Random sampling procedures will be used for population sample. All the participants will have equal opportunity of being chosen no biasness shall be considered. Participants shall be rewarded with the token

ECMT Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ECMT - Assignment ExampleFrom table 1 we find that the computed t-statistic is 0.275, and the p-value is 0.78. Recall that the critical t-value at the 5% level is 1.96. Therefore, we fail to reject the null hypothesis. Thus, we fail to reject that the coefficient of D2 is statistically significantly not different from zero.Yes, there is evidence to support that cellular inclusion of central air conditioning leads to higher prices. This is evident from the fact that the estimated coefficient on the variable central air is positive and significant.The dummy variables for coastal proximity argon D1 and D2. If the coefficients of these turn out to be significantly different from zero, we can conclude that coastal proximity does indeed lead to differences in prices. We have already time-tested for significance of the coefficient on D2 in part (e). Using the same methodology of a t-test of = 0 against the alternative of 0, we find that the calculated t-value is 1.714 which is significant only at the 10% level but not at the 5% level (p-value = 0.09). Thus we conclude the coefficient is statistically insignificant as well at the 5% level.Thus, since neither coefficient turns out to be significant, we conclude that we do not have any evidence to suggest that proximity to coast makes any differences to the prices with 95% or higher

The project Y2K Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The project Y2K - Assignment ExampleI would ensure that my duties as well as those of my team members are very clear as well as indicating the responsibilities that can or cannot be delegated (Anantatmula, 2010). Similarly, I would clearly direct on the firm policy paper the vision of the organization and every new employee would be oriented on the firm vision and the way to strive it. Employee would also be trained on integrity including the ethics issues that they need to maintain at all times.Good managers need to emulate technology and form a strong teamwork. In order to help my organization to be successful just like the Y2K project, I would ensure that we invest more in advanced technology. The Y2K project was successful due to the close monitoring and assessment by use of modern discourse systems in US (Leybourne, 2009). Additionally, I would ensure that communication system within the organization. This would ensure that team members are able to make instant report or fee dback to ensure that the project does not deviate from its course. exteriorise managers must involve new(prenominal) team members in undertaking the functions of a project. This implies that project managers should emulate delegating their powers. Project managers have the responsibility of assigning duties to other members of the team, manage daily operations, execute plans and manage budget among other duties. By being assisted for example by the junior accounting officers on the bell effective materials as a delegated duty, managing the project budget.

Damage awards should be capped for product liability suits Research Paper

Damage awards should be capped for product liability suits - Research Paper ExampleThis implies that if consumers are injured or nominate because of a product they purchase and use, they should possess a defective products claims. One of the key aspects of a product liability claim is determining the amount and the display case of deadenings that a consumer suffers after using a product. Due to the complexity of determining the compensation, it is imperative for consumers to estimate their damages up front. For instance, if the consumer suffers minor injuries and the financial losings incurred are insignificant, then it implies that it is unnecessary to initiate a claim. In the same way, consumers who suffer fewer damages have a less chance of decision a lawyer as compared to those who incur significant damages. Customers who suffer significant damages are advised to catalog and list the damages at the inception of their lawsuit (Kinzie and Mark 21).The responsibility for a defec tive product lies with a manufacturer or anyone who supplied the product. On the part of the manufacturer, he is responsible for producing the product that causes damage to the consumer. In the same way, the initial design of the product may be of poor quality, thus resulting to the defects during the production process. Additionally, poor marketing by the manufacturer, making of guide claims and lack of providing the correct information regarding the product makes the manufacturer to be responsible for a defective product. Once the products are distributed from the manufacturer to the retailers, the retailer can besides be held responsible. It is important to note that if a manufacturer is no longer operating his or her business or it becomes difficult to identify the source of a defective product held by a retailer, consumers can seek for compensation from the retailers. This implies that all the members of the distribution channel have an obligation of ensuring that products th ey handle are unspoilt (Moore and Michael 26).Despite that consumers are the major

Financial Accouting Theory coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Accouting Theory coursework - Essay Examplepermits the accounting treat of investments in joint suppositions in either of two methods, namely, the proportionate integration method or the equity method. It is matter of great controversy and discussion as which method is most suitable for venturer to recognize its joint venture interest in its financial statements. An effort has been made in this write up to suggest the most suitable method of accounting for the venturer.For applying proportionate integration method the consolidated financial statements of collectively controlled entity are used. The consolidated balance sheet of the venturer includes its share of assets that it controls jointly as well its share of liabilities for which it is jointly responsible. Similarly, the profit and loss account of the venturer includes its shares of income and expenses of the jointly controlled entity.First, Share in each asset, liability, income, and expenses of the venturer into t he joint venture statements may be shown as take off line item under the asset, liability, income, and expenditure of similar nomenclature in the consolidated financial statements of the venturer, or the second, where the venturer may combine its share in each asset, liability, income, and expenditure into joint venture financial statement with asset, liability, income, and expenditure of similar nomenclature in the consolidated statements of venturer.Under equity method initially the investment into the joint venture is recoded at cost. The venturer will recognize its share of joint venture income as an increase in investment and a corresponding increase in the net income.Share of income or part of investments actually withdrawn or taken from joint venture business is non shown as income by the venturer in its statements. Instead those are reported as reduction in the joint venture investment account. Market value of the investments into the joint venture are not considered. The transactions are recorded at cost only.When an

Has the US lost the plot in Latin America Essay

Has the US lost the plot in Latin America - Essay ExampleHe is described as one of the to the highest degree important intellectuals of our time.US Perspectives and Foreign Policy in Latin America homes in on the Heritage Foundation. Wikipedia describes Heritages stated mission as to formulate and boost conservative public policies based on the principles of free enterprise, limited government, individual freedom, traditional American values, and a strong national defense.Venezuelan Bolivarian Revolution and Bolivias grounds Towards Socialism lays down the ideological basis of the emerging economic toughies of both Bolivia and Venezuela. The Power and Interest News Reports (PINR) url http//www.pinr.com/ was chosen as the main source for its for the most part unbiased views.Left versus Left offers glimpses of how a radical socialist criticizes other avowed leftists or center-left politicians. James Petras, a Latin American expert and self-described revolutionary and anti-imperia list activist and writer, was chosen for his controversial views and mastery of Marxist political economy.Prognosis lays down the conclusions of the main themes (1) Does the rise of left wing presidents in Latin America fend for a threat to the US, (2) Focus with a case study of Bolivia the rise of anti neo liberal leaders - could they combine to create an alternative model for development Compare to empirical evidence and the rise of populism in the past and (3) Examining the prospects of an alternative to capitalism the search for a non dependent model is back on the agendum because of the wave of anti American feeling and the rise of relations for example between Brazil and China.Has the U.S. lost the plot in Latin America in that location is trouble ahead for Uncle Sam in his own backyard. Big trouble. It is one of the most important and yet largely untold stories of our world in 2006. George W Bush has lost Latin America. -- British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), April 2006 1I. IntroductionThe BBC, the worlds largest broadcasting corporation, ran a series on Latin America early on this year. The BBC asserted that while the U.S. government has been busy implementing its war against terrorism in Iran and Afghanistan, its relations with Latin America turned sour, from Mexico down to Peru. Strong anti-American feelings, or what one Peruvian leader called the neo-liberal economic model that has failed to benefit our nation, converted into a string of electoral victories by what the West perceives as left-leaning governments. 2A leftward drift is apparent in Latin Americas southern hemisphere since the start of the decade. In Venezuela, leftist Hugo Chavez garnered 56.93% of the votes in 30 July 2000. In Brazil, center-Left Luis Inacio LULA da sylva won 61.27% in the second round of elections in October 27, 2002. In Argentina, left-leaning Nestor Kirchner was sworn in as president on May 25, 2003 to a four-year depot of office after his rival, Carlos Men em, decided

Meiji Era (1868-1912) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Meiji Era (1868-1912) - Essay ExampleThe establishment industrialized the nation with the assistance of investing in enterprises owned by the state, development of the infrastructure for industries and obtained technology, machinery form developed nations such as European countries and privatization of industries. Japans isolation from other parts of the world did not begin industrialization as early as the other western European countries. The Nipponese brass by that time tried to resist western influence in trade, and until 1853, they closed their trading boarders and ports for every trading activity with foreigners. They engaged in no foreign contact unless it was decidedly necessary and the laws forbade any Japanese noncombatant to travel. Japanese government also ensured that there was only one seaport open to trade with any western nation. The port of Nagasaki was the connection point for any trading activity with the western countries especially the Dutch and Chinese shi ps.2 In 1853, the president of America at that time sent the American commando, Mathew Perry, with a hand of steam-powered ships (the back ships) to force a trade treaty with Japan and open the Japanese ports and boarders to trade with other parts of the world. Captain Perry gave the Japanese government one year of decision-making, and when he returned in 1954, the Japanese signed the treaty under the influence of force and opened their gates to the world trading. This was an indication of how the Japanese were weak in both economy and military.3 Creation of industrial infrastructure The Japanese realized that they needed a strong modern military to annul intimidation by any foreign nation. However, the old rule of Tokugawa did not share the view modernizing their weapons and military. In 1968, the old Tokugawa government collapsed, and marked the beginning of the Meiji time when the Japanese begun serious consideration of modernization. However, the military modernization and ar senal buildup could not come alone it included the industrialization and industrial buildup of Japan and its principal cities2. in time though, there were several oppositions against industrialization, the Meija government proceeded with the modernization process. The government begun with sponsoring the telegraph system that connected the greatest cities in Japan, then they built roads and, shipyards rail network. The Meiji government also facilitated the building of mines, textile industries, munitions factories, experimental factories and agricultural stations. The leaders reloaded their efforts of military modernization including compulsory military service for all men, establishment of small stand army and a large reserve army system to boost their national security. They also engaged in foreign military education and interview from studying foreign military, using foreign military advisors and sending cadets abroad Europe and America to study military education4. The Meiji governments chief send was to restore Japanese isolation, but still maintain their contact with the west.

Study of Cylindrical Sails for Large Ships Essay

Study of Cylindrical Sails for Large Ships - Essay ExampleFor instance, the estimate for 2007 was 60,000 deaths. The single-valued function of the ships excessively has had a negative impact on global warming, and this is a growing concern for environmentalists. Because the world is being impacted to the point of people dying, resolving this issue has become very important.Furthermore, C02 emitted from ships is only increasing, up about 3 percent from 2007, because of the growing use of more and more ships on the ocean. Therefore, the shipping industry realizes the threat this negative environmental impact has on its industry, as people and politicians both do want to see a change. The shipping industry reportedly put out 847 tonnes in 2007 (this was actually cardinal of the lower estimates some organizations claim that the rate was much higher). The shipping industry is therefore being put under increasingly pressure to act.Therefore, the researcher proposes that the use of lead turn overs combined with cylindrical sails impart help to address this problem. There have been several studies done, which will be discussed, involving the use of cylindrical sails. By feature the cylindrical sails with the use of the wind tunnels, the ships should be able to go faster than those that just traveled with the cylindrical sails, thus making this option more operable for the shipping industry, which does have time limitations when traveling.Research ObjectivesQuantitative methods of research will include the calculations of the ships traveled distance and the ships length. Wind tunnel data will also be used to determine the success of the study. By using these calculations, it can be determined if the voyages using the new types of sail ar correct. Qualitative methods will include researching the actual comments of the researchers, and obtaining information regarding their thoughts and feelings about the ships. Fig.1The researcher plans to use cylindrical sail wit h air suction, utilizing dodger support structures and power of air intake. The wind tunnel will not be used as the sail, but the model the researcher tests will be conducted in wind tunnel to grasp the aver of possible saving as well as the mechanism of flow around the sail.Research DesignThere are five unlike wind assistance devices that can be used for ships, and will be discussed here. Schematic drawing of different wind rigs for ships.There is a wide choice of various rigs that can be used for hull and superstructure configurations, making comparisons difficult however, when considering wind-assisted motor cargo ships, options are more limited. The main groups to consider in this category are as follows. 1. Square Rig-This concept is often used to improve aerodynamics of sails and allows for clean lines through the use of cantilever masts, for, and aft stay-sails. This setup can be counted on during long voyages when the wind is fairly predictable. However, in this day and ag e, not as much cargo is shipped via long voyage as it was in historical times. Thus, a second application of this idea can be used for shorter routes where the wind is also not predictable. The fore and aft sails can be change so that they can sail close to the wind. Soft sails can also be used at sea and are fairly cheap as well, although keeping them up to date can cost the company (Clayton 57). 2.

Ethic and Social Impacts on Crime Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethic and Social Impacts on Crime - Assignment ExampleThis has led the tribe citizenry to lose livestock, livelihood, and lifestyle. Mbuba (2011) reported that this apparent situation relies heavily on the legislation of these East African countries, on how will they be able to handle the enigma of crime of rural areas where police patrols are not available and the authority of tribal elders are more dynamic. Mbuba identified another factor on wherefore crime reporting is unpopular among tribe people. These communities are described as transitional communities at which at that place is a somewhat inevitable developmental typify of society that intervenes between fully functional social relations characterized by the rule of law, on one hand, and the informal traditional arrangements It was also reported that there is tranquillity in policing transitional societies. Apparently there is law enforcement monopoly whereby the police administration is routinely reluctant to embrace an y mechanisms for sharing with the rest of the connection members the responsibility for ensuring safety for all (Marks, Shearing, & Wood, 2009). The authority of Chief and Sub-Chiefs in crime prevention is so crucial that a separate law was made in order to specify, elaborate, and clarify the limit of power of the two tribe officers.Mbuba, J. (2011). Approaches to crime control and order Maintenance in Transitional Societies The Role of Village Headmen, Chiefs, Sub-Chiefs and judicial system Police in Rural Kenya. African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies. Retrieved from http//www.faqs.org/periodicals/201104/2367231161.htmlTribal Elders Agree to End Years of Conflict. (2005). United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Retrieved from

((((3)))) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

((((3)))) - Essay ExampleAbigail aggressiveness proof that she has been involved with fighting with other children and she is also frequently punishment by her parents. Curbing Abigail situation has proven to ambiguous as whenever teacher tried to help her she would perceive that teacher is also finding ways of punishing her. This has do us to seek psychotherapist assistancesFor the teacher to achieve his intend goal he/she has to structure a cooperative task that leave consider preliminary experiences of the children. Therefore, proof to ambiguous as the teacher will not be in better position to come up with cooperative task that will cover every child previous experiencesTeachers can use Center Ticket to build Assessment decision that reflect age suitable in both content and the method of information collection and in achieving this teachers can share this information with families by seeking to know each childs 1st and 2nd language, and also their prior experience at home.After visiting Colorin Colorado, I came to realize parents and teachers observation should be valued as line of descent of effective assessment information. The new information I leant is that Parents and teachers involvements at assessing our learners help us to understanding the social and cognitive of childrens development, and this is vibrant at assisting the teacher develop a fair instruction method to all children including seeking to know each childs 1st and 2nd

Psychology Journals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Psychology Journals - Essay Exampled by his belief based on his gathered evidence that the science laboratory tests that use brute seldom result to anything that benefits humankind, that mostly argon just for commercial intents. That batch and animals are different species, thus use animals with people as the supposed beneficiary is not logical.in the medical sciences, research with animals has resulted in major achievements in psychology, which s/he believes have contributed to important benefits for human beings. S/he further cites that the biofeedback technique, which people use to control high blood pressure, originated from studies using lab animals.in the issue of animal cruelty, there had been a study that investigated 600 of these alleged accusations, but finally did not support the charge of cruelty. S/he further points out that instances occur, but are infrequent and not typical of psychological experiments.peopleincluding animal rights advocatesdo not think that anima ls share the characteristics that allow them the same rights as humans and these people condone pet sterilization, disregarding the animals right to breed.of the many experiments using animals, only a few contribute to important medical or psychological research. S/he further argues that a vast number of experiments are used for commercial purposes to test new shampoos, cosmetics, food additives, or detergents.Yes, I believe both psychologists presented sound arguments based the criteria. Their claims are all verifiable, not plain opinions. They both cited sources, which can also be checked if they match. Finally, the incidents cited were more than one.Animals may be used in lab experiments as long as guidelines to the merciful treatment are observed. Humans have been plagued by new diseases with some killing relentlessly, like the swine flu, among so many others. AIDS, after years of research, has yet remained incurable. If lab research using animals could give us hope in combati ng these diseases, then I would

Corporate Governance in Australia After Hih Essay Example for Free

merged authorities in Australia After Hih EssayIn the light of various embodied scandals, regulatory bodies and inembodied governance were placed under pressure by shargonholders and stakeholders to form a tighter grip in administration corporations conduct. The obligations, federal agencys and responsibilities of come withs stewards ar under scrutiny of Corporations Act, disputationing rules, countrys code of corporate governance, ethics as well as social standards.At the corresponding time, advocates of market forces as a replacement to regulations and legislation continue to pursue for market deregulation and liberalisation based on the believe that government hindrance will only distort resources allocation and hinder market growth. The collapse of Australian confederation HIH Insurance Ltd (HIH) in 2001 was analysed in terms of its conduct and complaisance to the Corporations Act, listing rules as well as code of corporate governance as released by the Australi an Securities Exchange (ASX) Corporate politics Council (CGC).Reforms in regulations and the Corporate Governance article of faiths and passports 2007 by ASX CGC were used to recommend best practices in corporate governance that should necessitate taken place in HIH. Lastly, the effect of globalization and challenges to secure corporate governance resulting from globalization were discussed from the perspective of national government, regulatory bodies as well as the corporation it ego.Justice Neville Owen, The Royal focal pointer in the HIH Royal Commission Report described corporate governance as the framework of rules, relationships, systems and processes at bottom and by which authority is manipulationd and controlled in corporations, and the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) Corporate Governance Council added that corporate governance relates to and influences how the objectives of the company are set and achieved, how happen is monitored and assessed, and how perfor mance is optimized (The HIH Royal Commission, 2003 ASX Corporate Governance Council, 2007).The meaning of corporate governance has evolved over time that, in the strictest sense, is linked to the legislation that allows its existence. The law sets forth a companys rights and responsibilities but this can differ from country to country. However, it is generally accepted that corporate governance extends beyond the law to include a consideration of best practices and business ethics (Birt, Chalmers, Beal, Brooks, Byrne, Oliver, 2008).The structure of corporate governance as put forth by Farrar (2005) and represented in the figure below illustrates the relationship within the corporate governance structure Figure The structure of corporate governance (Farrar, 2005). The issues surrounding the rights and responsibilities of corporations are complex and ever changing as fiscal markets become more global, corporations become larger and more powerful, and societys perception of the corpo rate spot changes.A school of thoughts advocates for market forces to be the regulator of the financial market. The neo? liberals assume that factor markets work efficiently without government intervention if property rights and argument are guaranteed. They considered government interventions as less efficient than market? based solutions and stresses that government interventions hamper private sector development and that government should concentrate on improving the enabling of business environment through deregulation (Emeseh, Ako, Okonmah, Obokoh, Ogechukwu, 2010).Neo-liberalism challenges the conventional structuralist orthodoxy of government intervention by highlighting the negative effects of financial repression on economic growth and development. They refer financial repression to be the set of government legal restrictions preventing financial intermediaries in the economy from functioning at their full capacity. The spin of domestic financial markets through rules a nd legislation is claimed to have negative impact on economic growth. In essence, corporations should be relied on in the primary(prenominal) to self? regulate in the critical aspect of business activities.Neo-liberalism has prompted many countries to implement liberalisation and deregulation of their financial markets on the recommendations of the World Bank and IMF (Emeseh, Ako, Okonmah, Obokoh, Ogechukwu, 2010). The significant role of market forces in contributing to good corporate governance and strong corporate performance has for some time been emphasised in economic books on the corporation and corporate law. In fact, advocates consider the influence of market forces to be an effective substitute for formal legal regulation (duPlessis, McConvill, Bagaric, 2005).However, through-out the last ii decades, legislation reforms and corporate governance has also grown rapidly, particularly since the collapse of Enron Corporation in 2001 and the ensuant financial problems of separate companies in various countries. As financial scandals continue to emerge, there will be continued attention placed on corporate governance issues, especially relating to transparency and disclosure, control and accountability, and the most appropriate form of board structure that may be capable of preventing such scandals occurring in future (Mallin, 2007).In pursuance of good corporate governance, an state of interest would be how directors conduct and decisions should be in the best interest of the company, its shareholders and other relevant stakeholders. In this context, the agency theory is a very fit framework that can describe the problems associated with the principal-agent relationship caused by separation of ownership and control between shareholders (the principal) and directors (the agent) in corporations.Information asymmetry, moral hazard, difference in posture towards risk and difference in interest between shareholders versus directors are common agency pr oblems that would usually be at the expense of shareholders (Mallin, 2007 Rahman, Salim, 2010). For example, directors may have a wider range of economic and social needs (such as to maximize compensation, security, status and to boost their own reputation), while shareholders are interested only in maximize return on investments.Furthermore, as directors are usually contracted to the company on short term basis, they may be eager for short-run payoffs within their contract term, whereas shareholders interest would be based on long-term success. Australian companies have a unitary board structure and the regulatory framework for corporate governance and directors duties is governed by (i) Statute (notably the Corporations Act), (ii) Common law rules (for example, cases relating to directors duties), (iii) The companys constitution, and (iv) Guidelines issued by the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) (Dibbs Barker Gosling jurisprudenceyers, 2003).ASIC plays a vital role in enforcing and regulating company and financial services laws to protect Australian consumers, investors and creditors. It acts as Australias corporate regulator and administers various legislations including the Corporations Act 2001, Australian Securities and Investments Commission Act 2001, and so forth (Australian Securities Investments Commission, 2010a).By the Corporations Act, general duties imposed on directors and officers of companies are stated as (i) the duty to exercise their powers and duties with the care and diligence that a reasonable person would have which includes taking smells to ensure they are properly informed about the financial position of the company and ensuring the company doesnt trade if it is insolvent, (ii) the duty to exercise their powers and duties in good faith in the best interests of the company and for a proper purpose, (iii) the duty not to improperly use their position to gain an advantage for themselves or some iodin else, or to cause detriment to the company, and (iv) the duty not to improperly use information obtained through their position to gain an advantage for themselves or some cardinal else, or to cause detriment to the company (Australian Securities Investments Commission, 2010b). Beyond their legal duties and obligations, directors are also expected to meet commercial expectations in the interest of stakeholders, which include, but are not limited to, shareholders. These commercial expectations essentially require directors to drive the bottom line and provide appropriate shareholder returns.Taking it a step further, many directors of today are challenged to embrace triple bottom line reporting and consider the economic, social and environmental ramifications of their corporate activities (Lucy, 2006). While the scope and laws governing the conduct of directors are wide and many, intentional and unintentional breach has shocked the financial market and public numerously. Till today, HIH Insu rance Ltd (HIH) that went into liquidation in early on 2001 is well remembered by almost every Australian as a collapse caused by mismanagement of the company, and various board members were brought to court on charges including plentiful misleading information with the intention of deceiving other board members and the companys auditor.As one of Australias largest insurers, the company ran into debts of over AUD$5 billion and subsequent to the collapse, the government carried out an expensive exercise to underwrite many of the failed policies (Mallin, 2007). According to the HIH Royal Commission Report on the failure of HIH, it was concluded that investigators did not dislodge fraud or embezzlement to be behind the collapse. The failure was more the result of attempts to paper over the cracks caused by over-priced acquisitions (notably FAI Insurance Ltd) and too much corporate extravagance based on a misconception that the money was there in the business. The primary reason for the huge loses was that adequate provision had not been made for redress claims and past claims on policies had not been properly priced.HIH was mismanaged in the area of its core business activity (Bailey, 2003). In chorus, the HIH Royal Commission report fundamentally states that the main reasons for the failure of HIH was distressing management and greed characterised by (i) a lack of attention to detail and skills, (ii) a lack of accountability for performance, and (iii) a lack of rightfulness in the companys cozy processes and systems (Nicholson, 2008). Justice Neville Owen further commented in the report on what was the essence of good corporate governance The governance of a public company should be about stewardship. Those in control have a duty to act in the best interests of the company.They must use the companys resources productively. They must understand that those resources are not personal property. The last years of HIH were marked by poor leadership and inept ma nagement. Indeed, an attitude of apparent indifference to, or deliberate switch off of, the companys underlying problems pervades the affairs of the group. (The HIH Royal Commission, 2003). The above comment can be loosely translated to say that the directors of HIH have failed their duties. Notably, in April 2005, Mr Ray Williams, the former Chief administrator Officer (CEO) of HIH, was sentenced to 4-and-a-half years jail with a non-parole period of two years and nine months.Mr Williams sentencing follows ASICs successful civil penalty proceedings on the three criminal charges which Mr. William pleaded guilty to. The three criminal charges were (i) that he was reckless and failed to properly exercise his powers and discharge his duties for a proper purpose as a director of HIH Insurance Limited when, on 19 October 2000, he signed a letter that was misleading, (ii) that he authorised the issue of a prospectus by HIH on 26 October 1998 that contained a material omission, and (ii i) that he made or authorised a statement in the 1998-99 Annual Report, which he knew to be misleading, that hyperbolize the operating profit before abnormal items and income tax by $92. 4 million (Australian Securities Investments Commission, 2005a).ASICs HIH investigation also led to criminal prosecutions of 9 other former senior executives, including directors of FAI, HIH and associated entities on 31 Corporations and Crimes Act charges. Of high public interest was Mr Rodney Adler, a former director of HIH and the majority owner of FAI was sentenced to four-and-a-half years jail, with a non-parole period of two-and-a-half years, on four charges arising from his conduct as a director of the HIH group of companies in 2000. ASICs chairman, Mr Jeffrey Lucy, in his public statement said, Mr Adler was in a position of trust as a director of HIH but he put his own financial interests before the interests of HIH shareholders (Australian Securities Investments Commission, 2005b).Mr Adl er was sentenced after pleading guilty to four criminal charges (i) two counts of disseminating information on 19 and 20 June respectively, knowing it was false in a material particular and which was likely to induce the acquire by other persons of shares in HIH contrary to s999 Corporations Act 2001, (ii) one count of obtaining money by false or misleading statements, contrary to s178BB Crimes Act 1900 (NSW), and (iii) one count of being intentionally dishonest and failing to discharge his duties as a director of HIH in good faith and in the best interests of that company contrary to s184(1)(b) Corporations Act 2001 (Australian Securities Investments Commission, 2005b). HIHs disastrous business ventures in U. K. , U. S. , acquisition of FAI Insurance Ltd. nd the Allianz joint venture were identified as what ultimately brought HIH down. These instances of poor decision-making were caused by and reflect a poor corporate governance culture. Corporate governance issues identified inc luded (i) an over-dominant CEO whose decisions were never questioned, (ii) an unavailing chairman who failed his office to oversee the functioning of the board, (iii) an ineffective board who failed to grasp the concept of conflicts of interest, and was unable to monitor and does not question management performance, (iv) inappropriate conduct in allowance setting and performance measurement (mostly made by Mr.Williams who, although not a member of the committee, attended all meetings by invitation), (v) an ineffective audit committee who showed no concern with risk management and internal control, and (vi) compromised auditor independence (the auditing company was Arthur Andersen and HIHs board had three former Andersens partners one of them was the chair of the board however continued receiving fees under a consultancy agreement. Andersens also derived significant fees from non-audit work which gave rise to a conflict of interest with their audit obligations) (Lipton, 2003). S ubsequent to HIHs collapse, The Corporate Law Economic Reform Program (Audit Reform and Corporate Disclosure) Act 2004 (commonly known as CLERP 9) came into force on 1 July 2004. CLERP 9 incorporated a number of recommendations made in the HIH Royal Commission Report. Reforms were made relating to (i) disclosure of directors remuneration, (ii) financial reporting, (iii) auditors independence, (iv) continuous disclosure, and (v) enhanced penalty provisions.CLERP 9 also deals with accounting standards, expensing of options, form controls, and encouragement of greater shareholder participation at meeting all of which represents a significant development in the corporate law framework (Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, 2005 Alcoc, Bicego, 2003). preceding to CLERP 9 coming into force, advocates of corporate governance were delighted with Australian Stock Exchange Limited (ASX) release of the ASX Corporate Governance Councils (CGC) Principles of Good Corporate Governance and Best Practice Re commendations in March 2003. ASX CGC adopted the same principles based approach as taken in the UK Combined Code which governs entities listed on the capital of the United Kingdom Stock Exchange. ASX listed entities are at liberty not to comply with the recommendations, but if they do not, they must explain why not. The Guidelines were built on the belief that one size does not fit all companies.The Guidelines contained 10 essential Corporate Governance Principles (Principles) and 28 Best Practice Recommendations (Recommendations) which was later revised in fearful 2007 as Corporate Governance Principles and Recommendations (Guidelines) comprising of 8 Principles and 26 Recommendations (Farrell, Harding, Spilsbury, 2003). The Guidelines also reflect ASX CGCs emphasis in continuous disclosure by listed companies. Each Principle has a Guide to reporting about the Recommendations at the end of the chapter discussing what should be disclosed and where. Under ASX Listing Rule 4. 10. 3, companies are required to provide a statement in their annual report, disclosing the extent to which they have followed the Recommendations in the reporting period.Where companies have not followed all the Recommendations, they must identify the Recommendations that have not been followed and tumble reasons for not following them the if not, why not approach (ASX Corporate Governance Council, 2007). In relation to HIHs case, a number of the Guidelines Principles provide fairly wide coverage of corporate governance issues identified in HIH earlier. Principle 1 highlights the need for companies to attest and disclose the respective roles and responsibilities of the board and management. In the 2007 edition, the Guidelines added the Recommendation 1. 2 for companies to disclose the process for evaluating the performance of senior executives (ASX Corporate Governance Council, 2007). This Principle serves to provide disclosure in relation to HIHs situation of an over-dominant CEO an d ineffective chairman and board.Where HIH was highlighted to have a board that was ineffective and failed its duties, Principle 2 states that companies need to structure the board to add value with an effective composition, size and committedness to adequately discharge its responsibilities and duties. Recommendations in the principle placed importance in having a majority of the board and the chairman being independent directors to ensure independence in board decisions and prevent conflict of interest. Recommendation 2. 4 suggests that companies should establish a nomination committee to ensure appropriate selection and appointment practices in the company. This Recommendation also provides resolution in relation to HIHs case whereby the board was mostly made up of directors hired by Mr.William, including the former Andersen partners. In the 2007 edition, the Guidelines added the Recommendation 2. 5 for companies to disclose the process for evaluating the performance of the boar d, its committees and individual directors (previously this was part of Principle 8 in the 2003 edition, titled encourage enhance performance). This Recommendation helps to ensure directors are given access to continuing education to update and enhance their skills and knowledge that are necessary in performing their duties (ASX Corporate Governance Council, 2007). Principle 3 discusses how companies should promote ethical and responsible decision-making.Beyond legal obligations, directors are expected to make decisions that satisfy not only the companys shareholders but other stakeholders as well (this principal includes amalgamation from Principle 10 of the 2003 edition Guidelines which was to recognize the legitimate interests of stakeholders). To achieve this, Recommendation 3. 1 encourages companies to establish and disclose their code of conduct pertaining to integrity practices, legal practices and handling of wrong practices. Aligned with this, Recommendation 3. 2 promotes the establishment and disclosure of companys insurance policy concerning trading in company securities by directors, senior executives and employees (ASX Corporate Governance Council, 2007). Relating to Principle 3 and Principle 7 titled recognize and manage risk,HIH has been considerably questioned of its various business decisions, mostly of which contributed to huge loses and ultimately the companys insolvency. Criticized decisions made by the company are many, and on top of the list include (i) the acquisition of FAI Insurance (majority-owned by Mr. Adler who later became a member of HIHs board of directors) for A$300 million which FAI was later estimated to be value just A$100 million, (ii) re- move ining the California market in 1998 and failure to take the difficult decision to exit the market when it proved unprofitable, and (iii) the decision to enter a sector (insurance and re-insurance of film-financing) that has proved problematic for many market participants in London (Cagan, 2001).The lack of risk management within HIH was apparent and Mr. Adlers unethical conduct was evident with his imprisonment. In view of the importance of risk management, Recommendation 7. 1 urges companies to establish policies for the over sight and management of material business risks (that is financial risks and non-financial risks) and disclose a summary of those policies while Recommendation 7. 2 call for the board to require management to design and implement risk management and internal control system to manage the companys material business risks and report to it on whether those risks are being managed effectively.

Access control Essay Example for Free

Access meet EssayThe purpose of this policy is to define standards for connecting to Richman Investments network from any host. These standards are designed to derogate the potential exposure to Richman Investments from damages which may result from unauthorized use of Richman Investments resources. Damages include the loss of sensitive or company confidential data, quick-witted property, damage to public image, damage to critical Richman Investments internal systems, etc. ScopeThis policy applies to all Richman Investments employees, contractors, vendors and agents with a Richman Investments owned or personally-owned computer or workstation employ to connect to the Richman Investments network. This policy applies to remote gate connections used to do work on behalf of Richman Investments including reading or sending email and viewing intranet web resources and tuner devices. foreign bother implementations that are covered by this policy include, but are not limited to, dial-in Modems, frame relay, ISDN, DSL, VPN, SSH, and cable modems, etc. VPN access control model for a large scale company.This policy will support remote access control for systems, applications, and data access. Remote access Defined Remote access for employees is deployed by using remote access VPN connections across the Internet ground on the decidetings configured for the VPN Server, and the following additional settings. The following diagram shows the VPN host that provides remote access VPN connections. Domain/Network Config For each employee that is allowed VPN access * The network access permission on the dial-in properties of the user account is set to Control access through NPS Network Policy.The user account is added to the VPN_Users group in Active Directory. To define the authentication and encryption settings for remote access VPN clients, the following remote access network policy is created in Network Policy Server (NPS) * Policy name Remote Access VPN Clients * Conditions * NAS Port Type is set to Virtual (VPN) * Windows Groups is set to VPN_Users * Calling Station ID is set to 207. 209. 68. 1 * Permission is set to Grant access. NPS policy settings * On the Constraints tab, under Authentication Methods, for EAP Types select Microsoft Smart Card or other certificate.Also enable Microsoft Encrypted Authentication version 2 (MS-CHAP v2). * Or SSTP, L2tp/IPsec, PPTP, IKEv2 Access control model/ policy This model would support Role based access controls and allow mandatory access control to be governed by remote access. The IS Dept. is responsible for maintaining the access and access rights and provides and restricted as needed by user roles in the organization. All data is encrypted and transmitted via remote and encrypted and used by the VPN tunnel. VPN access will be terminated on a 3 month basis and must be renewed by revisiting based on your access role and permissions

Combining quantitative and qualitative methods

Combining numerical and soft methodsFor numerous years qualitative and denary methods of explore were seen as dickens distinct methods which could non be integrated delinquent to their differences. However, the combination of vicenary and qualitative methods has become widely advocated by re inquisiti iodiners collect to its pragmatism as Douglas puts itSince all investigate methods incur costs and benefits, and since they differ greatly in their particular costs and benefits, a exploreer generally finds it scoop up to use some combination or mixture of methods. (197630)However, it is an imperative for any interrogationer to take into consideration the technicalities and complexities of compounding research methods. This raise will lay out that it is practical to link up quantitative and qualitative methods furthermore, it is loveable. It is often said that cardinal opposites usually attract and thither is no divergence in this instance, even though it is said that the only similarities these two methodological positions share are many a(prenominal) of the same characters in their names. This essay will begin by briefly explaining the two methods. It will secondly highlight the embedded methods argument and criticise it in launch to justify the desirability of combination the two methods. This essay then aims to to wrap up out the leafy vegetable argument that combining the two methods is not desirable repayable to many researchers not having the relavent expertise. This essay will then analyse the purist criticisms of combining quantitative and qualitative methods before it presents the pragmatist position which highlights the desirability of combining qualitative and quantitative methods. This essay then contests that triangulation shows that it is both possible and desirable to combine the two methods, due to it contri furthering to the completeness and conformation of research. In conclusion this essay will argue that it is both desirable and possible to combine quantitative and qualitative methods and that miscellaneous methods research has or so won the paradigm wars due to its substance.Quantitative research methods tend to be ontologically giveationalist in that both natural and social phenomena are assumed to consecrate an existence that is independent of the activities of the human observer (Blaikie, 2007 13). and so, they swear in objectivity in research macrocosm possible. Research of this sort is usually epistemologically positivist, in that they accept that social science is analogous to the natural sciences. They number for causal explanations finished the use of scientific laws in order to explain social phenomena thus develop explanatory, and indeed predictive, models. ( marshland and Furlong, 2002 20). Examples of quantitative data are questionnaires, structured interviews and statistical analysis of official data.Whereas qualitative research methods tend to be ontologically an ti-foundationalist in that what we regard as the external world is just appearances and has no independent existence apart from our thoughts (2007 13). Therefore, the world is socially or discursively constructed and as a result objectivity in research is not possible. They usual encompass a non-positivist epistemology such(prenominal) as the interpretist tradition in which these researchers are concerned with understanding, not explanation, focuses on the marrow that actions have for agentsand offers their results as one interpretation of the relationship between the social phenomena studied. (2002 21)Qualitative research usually works with smaller amounts of data unlike quantitative research. Some variants of qualitative research are focus groups, case studies and unstructured interviews. peerless of the main criticisms of combining qualitative and quantitative methods lies with the embedded methods argument that is constitute by researchers who take a purist stance. They argue that quantitative and qualitative methods stomachnot be combined as this will compromise ones ontological and epistemological position. According to Marsh and Furlong your ontological and epistemological positions are like a skin not a sweater (2002 17). Therefore, researchers cannot interchange between their adopted positions for different research projects as they reflect fundamental different approaches to what social science is and how we do it (2002 21). They argue that the researchers ontological and epistemological positions affect all aspects of ones research. So for example, if one is ontologically foundationalist they cannot also argue people are able to socially construct certain aspects of life, such as sex activity. Or if you are epistemologically interpritivist you cannot use the natural sciences as a antecedent in the study of the social sciences.As shown above there certainly are differences amongst the two methods however, does this mean it is undesirable to com bine the two? It is very(prenominal) of the essence(p) for researchers to take into account their ontological and epistemological positions (as shown above they play an important role within research), although, researchers should not treat their ontological and epistemological positions as the nigh fundamental aspect for research. Combining the two methods is desirable, as one must not be all overwhelmed by the higher philosophical debate, as many researchers have been in the past, because this makes you forget that as a researcher undertaking a project you wish to undertake the best research possible and in order to do this you must understand that each method has a very crucial role to play in furthering our grasp and knowledge of the research question. Therefore one must understand that Qualitative and quantitative research makes up a false dichotomy There are many right ship canal to approach research, not only one right way. (Newman et al cited in Teddie and Tashakkori, 20 0928)Therefore, this idea that the different research methods have fixed epistemological and ontological positions that cannot be compromised is very hard to sustain. It is hard to sustain because, as critical realists argue, one can see the world as being both ontologically foundationalist and anti-foundationalist, in that you could believe that the world exists and is independent to a certain extent as the knowledge about it is socially constructed. Also, epistemologically, yes it is important to take into account your epistemological stance however, there are certain instances when it is necessary to look at the research question from a positivist stance and other instances when the research should be interpretivist. As Howe illustrates through the use of Kaplans story, were a drunken man searches under a lamp for his, which he had dropped a fair distance away. When asked why he was looking there and not where he dropped it, he said that the reason was because it was lighter wher e he was looking. Howe then argues that The incompatibility thesis, like the drunkards search, permits the lights to determine what is to be looked for and where. But why should paradigms determine the pleasing of work one may do with inquiry any more than the amount of illumination should determine where one may conduct a search? (Howe, 1988 13).Whilst considering whether or not it is possible and desirable to combine quantitative and qualitative research, one has come across a common argument in many articles and books. This being, that many researchers, do not have the skills and training to carry out both quantitative and qualitative research (Bryman, 2008 624). However, in my opinion this is understandable but ludicrous. Due to researchers in the past taking the position of either/or it is understandable that not all researchers have the necessary training to conduct such research, however, this is no excuse and it is time to take a more both-and perspective. It is almost like saying a goalkeeper that has learnt to save the ball on his odd hand should not try and learn to use both hands even if it will improve his goalkeeping skills as this is how he has learnt to play. Therefore, this should not be utilise as an excuse, moreover, it should be more of an encouragement to overcome this challenge because as pragmatists argue, as a researcher if you believe in this papers argument that combining the two methods are both desirable and possible then you as a researcher must strive to do whatever you can to give the best possible research you can.Purists tend to emphasise the ontological, epistemological, and axiological (the role of values in inquiry) differences. This incompatibility thesis is well stated by Smith, who says atomic number 53 approach takes a subject-object position on the relationship to subject matter the other takes a subject-subject position. One separates facts and values, while the other sees them as inextricably mixed. One searches f or laws, and the other seeks understanding. These positions do not seem compatible. (1983 12)Therefore, according to these theorists it is neither possible nor desirable to combine qualitative and quantitative methods as you would only be dooming your research for failure due to the inherent differences between the methods. However, other researchers which come from a pragmatist background argue that this is not the case and the differences are exaggerated and overdrawn.Rather than being wed to a particular theoretical style and its most compatible method, one might instead combine methods that would encourage or even quest integration of different theoretical perspectives to interpret the data. (Brewer Hunter, 1989 74)Pragmatism thus is thus is the belief in the ability to combine qualitative and quantitative methods without compromising your ontological and epistemological positions. lavson and Onwuegbuzie define the main characteristics of pragmatism as follows. It recognises the existence of this real world that positivists talk about but it also recognises this world which relies on socially and discursively constructed phenomena. For example, take gender again, it argues that yes gender does exist in that there are men and there are women, however, through discourse we have constructed gender in that we have attached further meaning to them (men are not meant to cry but instead should act manly, whilst women should be emotional and weak). It views knowledge as being both constructed and based on the reality of the world we experience and live in. It views theories instrumentally. It endorses empiricism as the way to find out what works. It endorses eclecticism and pluralism in that one can find different and conflicting perspectives useful to enhance ones understanding of people and the world. Also, current truth, meaning and knowledge are changing over time, therefore, one should treat research as only provisional truth at it could change in a matter of time (2004 18). This is a very realistic way of overcoming many of the criticisms of purists when combining methods even though it has some criticism itself. When put under the microscope it has been deemed to be very practical. This pragmatist position has highlighted the desirability of combining qualitative and quantitative methods by unravelling the purist incompatibility thesis through the rejection of the historical dualisms commonly associated with these methods and this essay will go on to proving that it is also possible to combine these methods.One way in which researchers can successfully combine qualitative and quantitative methods is through triangulation. Even though there are many methods of combining qualitative and quantitative methods, such as, completeness, offset, process. This essay will focus on triangulation due to the space and time limitations. The early use of the term triangulation was not found in social science but instead, navigation and surveying. This term was used to describe when different bearings are taken, in order to be lead to a specific physical location, however, the second bearing here was not used to check the first bearing but instead they work together in order to indentify that specific location(Brannen, 200512). Denzin distinguished between the triangulation within methods and the triangulation between methods. Although, this essay will concentrate on the triangulation between methods, it is important to note that the triangulation within methods is desirable if need be, however, it does not solve any of the fundamental problems inherited by single method research. The methodological triangulation of Denzin(1978) refers to the combination of multiple methods as no method altogether can adequately treat all problems of discovery and testing.(Mouton and Marais, 1996 2006). Johnson and Onwuegbuzie take the term to mean, seeking convergence and corroboration of results from different methods and designs studying the same phenomenon (2004 22). For Jick it is largely a vehicle for cross validation when two or more distinct methods are found to be congruent and yield comparable data. (1979 602). It is already clear that the term triangulation has a plurality of meanings varying from researcher to researcher. However, the core principles of triangulation aim to increase the validity of studies, by overcoming the inherent biases and limitations of either of the methods through using two or more methods which lead to the same findings. Therefore, if psyche was conducting a study to investigate the link between age and who you vote for, they should not only look at the statistics but also question people on why they voted the way they have, because there could be reasons such as tactical voting, were for example someone only voted Labour because they did not want the Conservatives to get elected and if the situation was different they would have ideally voted for the Liberal Democrats. The use of the two different methods can help you falsify and understand your results in much more depth than you would by just using the one method.Jick (1979) conducted a study of anxiety and task insecurity of employees during a merger. This study used data from, co-worker observations, interviews, questionnaires and company archival records. The use of the different sources of data allowed Jick to see different perspectives on the situations personal effects on the employees. Jick had also found that when the use of the different methods did not corroborate each other it led to him seeking explanations for divergent results and as a result, the researcher may uncover unexpected results or unseen contextual factors (1979 608). Jicks study shows that combining quantitative and qualitative methods through triangulation can lead to better research as an implication of the change magnitude validity and sometimes vigour it contributes to the study in question. However, it is important to unde rstand that the two methods should not be combined for the interest group of it or just because a researcher believes that, more is good, as in many instances this is not the case. Therefore, researchers must make sure that they only combine research when the conditions are right. In conclusion, triangulation has not only shown that it is desirable to combine quantitative and qualitative methods, but it has also shown that it is possible to combine the two methods , due to it alter to the completeness and conformation of research.One only has to look at the shifting of the so called paradigm wars (Oakley, 1999) in order to see that it is both possible and desirable to combine quantitative and qualitative methods. Since the beginning of this so called war the proponents of both quantitative and qualitative methods have criticised each others methods and defended their own. The lack of a clear winner was one of the main reasons the combination of the two methods became so popular in the past and now the mixed methods approach has become very popular. This essay has shown that it is both possible and desirable to combine the methods and The growing popularity of mixed methods research would seem to signal the end of the paradigm wars (2008 625). Even though mixed method research has many difficulties and criticisms itself, I believe that its advantages outweigh its disadvantages by far, as it adds breadth and depth to the analysis of the research. As Mingers correctly points out, the attractiveness of multimethod research, in terms of the richness and increased validity of the results, will work in its favour in the long run (2003 246). Both this richness and validity talked about by many researchers such as Mingers, is a compelling argument for the combination of quantitative and qualitative research and this essay has shown that it is possible to combine the two methods through the use of triangulation.This essay began by briefly explaining the two methods. I t then went on to highlight the embedded methods argument before criticising it for not being sustainable. This essay then dismissed the common argument that combining the two methods is not desirable due to many researchers not having the relevant expertise by arguing that due to the desirability and practicality of mixed methods approaches researcher should find a way to mix the two methods in order to undertake better research when necessary. This essay then analysed the purist criticisms of combining quantitative and qualitative methods before it presented the pragmatist position which highlighted the desirability of combining qualitative and quantitative methods. This essay then argued that triangulation shows that it is both possible and desirable to combine the two methods, due to it contributing to the completeness and conformation of research. 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